The Star of Bethlehem, also known as the Ornithogalum Magnum, is an ornamental plant with pale, star-shaped flowers that have a beautiful green stripe underneath. This bulbous perennial is native to the Caucasus Mountains in Georgia and belongs to the family Asparagaceae. It typically grows up to 24 inches tall and grows best if placed in full sun to part shade. It is virtually pest and disease free and an excellent choice for borders, baskets, and containers.
How to Plant
When planting Star of Bethlehem, choose an area with well-drained soils and full sun to part shade. Make sure the soil can drain the excess water, as the soil should not be overly wet or soggy. When planting, place bulbs about 2-4 inches deep in the soil, making sure that the roots are facing downwards. Use a well-balanced fertilizer when planting, to ensure proper growth and blooming. Water the bulbs well and give them consistent watering throughout its growth season. Once planted, it is very low maintenance, as it can withstand a range of temperatures and does not need frequent watering.
Meaning and Symbolism
Star of Bethlehem has been used for centuries for its beauty and religious symbolism associated with Christianity.
It is believed to represent the star of Bethlehem, which guided the three wise men to find baby Jesus and bring gifts. This star is also said to represent hope, love, and protection. The star-shaped flowers represent luck, protection, and hope. This flower is also a symbol of faith and hope because of the appearance of the white flower with a green stripe which, according to some studies, represent Heaven, the Earth, and the human race residing in between the two.
History, Mythology, and Religious Significance
The star of Bethlehem has been used throughout history in many cultures. In Christianity, it is referenced in the Bible, when the three wise men bring gifts to baby Jesus and mention the star in their journey.
In the Jewish religion, Star of Bethlehem is seen as a sign of faith as it is an essential part of the tell of Hanukkah, the festival of lights.
In ancient Greek and Roman mythology, it is mentioned as a symbol of newness, bloom and renewal.
The star is mentioned in Sikhism and Buddhism, as a symbol of hope, purity and enlightenment.
Flower Varieties and their Defining Characteristics
Ornithogalum Magnum comes in a variety of colors, from white to yellow, purple, and green. The flowers have six petals that are star-shaped, with a deep green stripe in the center. The leaves are narrow and glossy, arranged in a grass-like pattern, and the stems are slender and round. All the varieties are perennials and are easy to care for and maintain.
• White – White Star of Bethlehem is a stunning flower with white petals and a green stripe in the center. They have a strong, spherical shape and look great in formal gardens and containers.
• Yellow – Yellow Star of Bethlehem is a cheerful variety with bright yellow petals and a green stripe in the center. They are great for adding a splash of color to your garden.
• Purple – Purple Star of Bethlehem is a vibrant variety with deep purple petals and a green stripe in the center. They are a great addition to any formal garden or flower bed.
• Green – Green Star of Bethlehem is a delicate variety with light green petals and a green stripe in the center. They are great for creating a soft, natural-looking garden.
How to Pot and Repot
Star of Bethlehem does best in large, well-draining pots. It is important to choose the right pot, as it can easily become large and ungainly. It is best to use larger, heavier pots, rather than lightweight ones. Make sure that the pot has plenty of drainage holes, to allow excess water to easily drain out. When replanting, use a well-balanced fertilizer and ensure that the roots have plenty of space to spread out.
How to Prune
Pruning your Star of Bethlehem helps to maintain its shape and size, as well as ensuring continued flowering throughout the growing season. Pruning should be done after flowering has finished and when the leaves have died down for the season. Pruning should be done by removing any damaged or dead leaves and stems. Cut the stems right back to the ground to encourage fresh growth in the spring. This also helps to reduce the spread of disease.
How to Propagate
Propagating Star of Bethlehem is relatively easy, as the plant propagates itself by producing offsets. These offsets can be removed carefully and transplanted into new soil. It is also possible to propagate Star of Bethlehem from cuttings and seeds. When propagating from cuttings, take cuttings with a healthy stem and remove any excess leaves. Dip the end of the cutting into rooting hormone and place in a pot of well-draining soil. Water the cutting and keep it in a bright, warm place. It is also possible to propagate Star of Bethlehem from seeds, however, this is a slow process.
Common Pests and Diseases
Star of Bethlehem is relatively pest and disease-free, however, certain pests can pose a threat and cause damage to the plants. Aphids and slugs can feed on the flowers, which can cause them to wilt and die. To control pests, use an insecticide or nematode. It is also important to remove any diseased parts of the plant to prevent the spread of disease.
Frequently Asked Questions
Q1: How long do Star of Bethlehem flowers last?
A1: Star of Bethlehem flowers typically bloom for the entire spring season and will die back once the temperature drops or the soil becomes too dry.
Q2: Is it necessary to fertilize Star of Bethlehem?
A2: Fertilizing your Star of Bethlehem helps to promote growth and increase flowering, but it is not necessary.
Q3: How often should I water my Star of Bethlehem?
A3: Star of Bethlehem should be watered regularly throughout its growth season. Water thoroughly and let the excess water drain away. Water less frequently during the winter months.
Fact Sheet
| Family | Asparagaceae |
| Plant Type | Perennial |
| Mature Size | 24 inches tall |
| Sun Exposure | Full sun to part shade |
| Soil Type | Well-draining |
| Soil pH | 6.5-7.5 |
| Bloom Time | Spring |
| Flower Color | White, yellow, purple, and green |
| Hardiness Zones | 05-Aug |
| Native Area | Caucasus Mountains, Georgia |
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