Common Lilac, botanically known as Syringa vulgaris, is a deciduous shrub of the Oleaceae family, it is known as one of the most effective flowering shrubs. It is a popular plant, known for its plentiful and fragrant spring- to summer-time blooms. Most plants will reach up to 15 feet tall and wide when planted in well taken care of soil and consistent sunlight. The colorful clustered blooms may come in a variety of pastel hues, such as pinks, purples, and whites, adding dimension to any flower bed or garden plot.
Etymology
The scientific name Syringa vulgaris is derived from the ancient Greek language; ‘Syringa’ translates as “node” or “tube” and “vulgaris” means “common”.
How To Plant
Common Lilac should be planted in well-drained soil, with a partial to fully sunny location. The shrub likes an alkaline pH that ranges from 6.8 to 7.2. In colder climates, the plants will benefit from a sheltered location; however, too much shade will likely result in a lack of blooms. When planting, it is important to space several feet apart to give each plant ample room to grow. Common Lilac may benefit from regular fertilization and regular monitoring for pests.
Meaning and Symbolism
The Common Lilac is associated with romance, passion, and hope. Because of its captivating scent, it has long been associated with the representation of beauty, grace, and freshness. This species has been regarded as a symbol of attachment and appreciation in various cultures.
History, Mythology, and Religious Significance
Common Lilac has long been a symbol of joy and happiness in Mediterranean countries because they are some of the first flowers to bloom in the springtime. In ancient Greece, Common Lilac was associated with the goddess Artemis, who was the goddess of chastity, the moon, and the hunt. It was common to plant a Common Lilac near homes and other dwellings in order to bring forth protection.
The bloomy nature of the shrub has also made it significant in Christianity, being seen as a symbol of resurrection and redemption.
Flower Varieties and Defining Characteristics
The Common Lilac has various flower varieties that are known for their different colors and defining characteristics. Some of the most popular varieties include:
• Syringa vulgaris var. Niger: This variety is a very attractive shrub that produces intense dark purple flowers. The shrub may grow up to 10 feet tall and is known for its sweet-smelling blooms.
• Syringa vulgaris var. Pendula: This variety is a perennial shrub whose blooms come in light purples, pinks and whites. Grows up to 6 feet tall and produces small, tubular-shaped blooms.
• Syringa vulgaris var. Legaultii: This variety is an upright shrub with showy fragrant white blooms that can turn shades of pink in the cooler weather. Grows up to 10 feet tall.
• Syringa vulgaris var. Nana: This popular variety is an upright shrub that grows up to 10 feet tall and can bear large clusters of fragrant lavender-blue blooms.
How to Pot
If you want to grow Common Lilac indoors, potting is the best solution. The Common Lilac prefers a container that is slightly larger than the root ball and is made of a good quality material that can hold moisture and drain properly. Fill the container half way with a good quality potting soil, gently place the root ball in, and pack the sides and bottom with soil to secure the root ball in place. Be sure not to fill with too much soil, as this could cause issues with rot. Water the container until the soil is damp.
Repotting is also important when it comes to potted Common Lilac. This can be done every two years or so, as the plant will outgrow the pot and need a larger one. An additional benefit of this process is the opportunity to revive old soil and amend it with fresh soil that is more nutritionally dense.
How to Prune
Prune Common Lilac after the flowering period has ended. Pruning the top of the shrub can help promote a fuller, more balanced look. To prune the shrub, remove old and dead stems, branches, and leaves using pruning shears. It is recommended to prune in the early spring, shortly before the blossoms form and become visible.
How to Propagate
Propagating Common Lilac is as easy as planting it. Common Lilac can be grown from seeds, cuttings, and layering. Layering is the simplest form of propagation and can be done in the spring and summer months. Dig a shallow, horizontal trench in the ground and bend a stem down until it touches the soil. Cover the stem in soil, making sure the soil is tight against the stem. Water in well and wait for the roots to develop, then separate from the parent plant.
Common Pests and Diseases
Common Lilac is susceptible to aphids, spider mites, and powdery mildew. Aphids, which appear as small green bugs, can appear both on the stems and leaves. To prevent aphids, inspect the shrub regularly and spray with an insecticidal soap if needed. Spider mites are tiny spider-like creatures that appear as red, brown, yellow, or black spots on the leaves. To treat these, spray the shrub with water or a horticultural oil. Lastly, powdery mildew is a form of fungus that appears as a white powdery substance on the leaves. To prevent this, avoid overcrowding plants and allow plenty of air to circulate between the individual shrubs.
Three Frequently Asked Questions About Syringa vulgaris
Q: How fast does the Common Lilac grow?
A: The growth rate of the Common Lilac varies, depending on various environmental factors such as soil type, amount of sunlight, and water availability. In the right conditions, the shrub will grow up to 10-15 feet tall and wide in 5-6 years.
Q: When is the best time to plant Common Lilac?
A:The best time to plant the Common Lilac is in the spring, typically when all danger of frost has passed. Planting in the fall is not recommended as it may result in shallow root development.
Q: Are Common Lilac shrubs easy to care for?
A: Yes, the Common Lilac is a relatively low maintenance shrub that requires only minimal care. Make sure to plant it in well-drained soil, water it occasionally, fertilize once or twice a year, and inspect for pests and diseases.
Table Factsheet
| Common Lilac | Syringa Vulgaris |
|---|---|
| Family | Oleaceae |
| Plant Type | Perennial |
| Mature Size | Up to 10-15 feet tall and wide |
| Sun Exposure | Partial to full sun |
| Soil Type | Well-drained, alkaline soil |
| Soil pH | 6.8 to 7.2 |
| Bloom Time | Late spring |
| Flower Color | Pinks, purples, whites |
| Hardiness Zones | 3-7 |
| Native Area | Europe, northern Africa, and western Asia |
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