The Strelitzia genus of five species of perennial flowering plants is also known as the Bird of Paradise flower, or Crane Flower in its native land of South Africa. The Strelitzia are pollinated by birds, and need bright sun and well-drained soil to thrive outdoors. These strikingly vibrantly colored flowers can produce a fan of petals in different, yet always contrasting colors.
Family
The Strelitzia belong to the plant family, Strelitziaceae. This family consists of only five genera, three of which are native to Madagascar and two to Africa.
Plant Type
The Strelitzia are tropical perennials, meaning they will live for more than two years if given the right conditions.
Mature Size
The Strelitzia will grow to between 1 and 8 feet tall, depending on the variety
Sun Exposure
The Strelitzia like bright, direct sunlight for as much of the day as possible.
Soil Type
The Strelitzia prefer well-drained, neutral soil with a pH of 6.5-7.0.
Soil pH
The soil should be neutral with a pH of 6.5-7.0
Bloom Time
The Strelitzia generally bloom during summer and autumn, although this may vary depending on the variety.
Flower Color
The Strelitzia has brilliant and contrasting petal colors, ranging from orange, yellow, blue and white.
Hardiness Zones
The Strelitzia grows best in hardiness zones 9-11.
Native Area
The Strelitzia is native to South Africa.
How to Plant
The Strelitzia is a delicate flower that requires special attention when it comes to planting. Because of its delicate nature, it should not be planted too deeply and should rather sit slightly above ground level. The soil should be well-drained, with a slightly acidic pH of 6.5-7.0. Strelitzia loves direct sunlight for most of the day and does not do well in shaded areas.
How to Plant and Grow Bird of Paradise
When it comes to planting and growing the Strelitzia, the soil is key. They prefer well-draining soil with a slightly acidic pH of 6.5-7.0. If you are planting them in a pot, make sure to use a good-quality potting soil and add organic matter if needed. They require direct sunlight and should be watered regularly, but not over-watered. Make sure to keep the soil moist and allow it to dry out slightly in between waterings. When it comes to fertilizing, use a balanced, slow-release fertilizer every two months when the plant is actively growing.
Meaning and Symbolism
The Strelitzia is known as the Bird of Paradise flower not only because of its unique and vibrant petals, but also because of its rich symbolism. The flower symbolizes joy, freedom, and paradise. The orange, yellow and blue petals remind the viewer of a vibrant tropical paradise and the wealth of knowledge that can be found in nature. In addition, the petal shapes of the Bird of Paradise have become symbolic of faith, hope, and ambition for many cultures.
History, Mythology and Religious Significance
The Strelitzia has a rich and varied history in many cultures from all around the world. In ancient Egyptian mythology, the Bird of Paradise was seen as a symbol of rebirth and resurrection, as symbolizing the journey of the soul to the afterlife and an immortal paradise. In some Christian practices, the Bird of Paradise is a symbol of divine perfection and eternal life. In Hinduism, the shape of the flower resembles the legendary cosmic bird, “Garuda”, a symbol of strength and protection.
Flower Varieties and their Defining Characteristics
The Strelitzia genus is made up of five species, all of which have vivid colors and unique shapes. The most common species is Strelitzia reginae, which has thick white petals with an orange and blue center. Another species, Strelitzia nicolai, has wider petals and colors ranging from creamy yellow to blue-green. Finally, the Strelitzia juncea, also known as the African Pollen Lily, has long, thin petals and colors ranging from pink and yellow to orange.
How to Pot and Repot
Potting and repotting the Strelitzia correctly is essential for it to thrive. When potting the Strelitzia, choose a pot about twice as big as the original pot. This will allow for maximum growth. Make sure to use a potting mix designed for tropical plants, with equal parts of perlite, peat moss, and organic matter. Make sure the pot has adequate drainage by adding gravel or terra cotta chips to the bottom. When repotting, carefully lift the Strelitzia out of its original pot, and gently remove some of the soil from the roots. Place it in its new pot, fill in with new soil, and water thoroughly.
How to Prune
Pruning the Strelitzia is essential to maintain its attractive shape and encourage fresh new growth. Prune the Strelitzia after it has finished blooming, by removing any dead or damaged leaves, stems, or flowers. It is also important to prune back any long, trailing vines or stems to promote an upright growth habit. Finally, prune the Strelitzia in late spring or early summer to remove any dead flowers or to shape the plant.
How to Propagate
Propagating the Strelitzia is a great way to get multiple new plants in no time. The easiest way to propagate the Strelitzia is through stem cuttings. Take a stem cutting of 6-10 inches in length and remove the lower leaves, leaving the top two leaves intact. Place the stem in a glass of water or a small pot in well-drained soil, with the top leaves above the soil and the rest of the stem below. Place the cuttings in a shady spot and keep the soil moist. The plants will form roots in a few weeks and can then be transferred to its own pot with fresh soil.
Common Pests and Diseases
The Strelitzia is generally resistant to most pests and diseases, however, it is important to be aware of any common pest or diseases that can affect it. Common pests include aphids, mealybugs, and scale insects. These pests can be removed with a mixture of soapy water and rubbing alcohol. Disease is not common in Strelitzia, however, if the plant is overwatered, this can cause root rot.
Three Frequently Asked Questions About Strelitzia
Q: How often should I water my Strelitzia?
A: Water your Strelitzia when the top of the soil is dry, and make sure the soil is evenly wet. If the plant is in a pot, the soil should be allowed to dry out slightly in between waterings.
Q: Does the Strelitzia need direct sunlight?
A: Yes, the Strelitzia needs direct sunlight for most of the day to thrive. It is important to find a spot where the plant is not shaded for most of the day.
Q: Does the Strelitzia need to be fertilized?
A: Yes, the Strelitzia should be fertilized every two months with a balanced, slow-release fertilizer.
Fact Sheet
| Name | Bird of Paradise and Strelitzia |
|---|---|
| Family | Strelitziaceae |
| Plant Type | Perennial |
| Mature Size | 1-8 feet tall |
| Sun Exposure | Bright, direct sunlight |
| Soil Type | Well-drained, slightly acidic soil |
| Soil pH | 6.5-7.0 |
| Bloom Time | Summer to Autumn |
| Flower Color | Orange, yellow, blue and white |
| Hardiness Zones | 9-11 |
| Native Area | South Africa |
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